Systems and methods of plating structural members

ABSTRACT

Plating systems and related methods are disclosed for prepping of structural members, such as splicing and/or pre-plating structural members. A plating system can include a splicing system and a pre-plating system. A splicing system include an infeed system, an outfeed system, and a press to affix or otherwise secure a plate to opposing surfaces of structural members to splice the structural members together. Guides are automatically positioned to guide short members through the splicing system. A pre-plating system includes a press, an infeed system configured to deliver a structural member to the press, and an outfeed system configured to remove the structural member from the press. The press is configured to secure a plate to the structural member on a surface other than the opposing surfaces used to splice the structural members together. A plate picking robot is configured to pick a plate from a plate container and position the plate on a press surface.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 62/969,570, titled SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF PLATING STRUCTURALMEMBERS, filed Feb. 3, 2020, the entirety of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to pre-fabrication of structures and/orstructural components for building structures, and more specifically toplating structural members, such as by pre-plating joints and/or bysplicing to interconnect structural members.

BACKGROUND

In constructing building components (e.g., trusses), plates (e.g., nailplates) are used in splicing together structural members. A plate mayinclude teeth on a side of the plate that contacts the structuralmembers to enable the plate to be coupled to the structural members bypressing the teeth into the structural members. A plate can interconnecttwo structural members to splice the two structural members together orto form a joint.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The written disclosure herein describes illustrative embodiments thatare non-limiting and non-exhaustive. Reference is made to certain ofsuch illustrative embodiments that are depicted in the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a pre-plating system, according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1B is a detailed view of a portion of a pre-plating system,according to an embodiment, having an intelligent conveyor system.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operation of apre-plating system, according to one embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system delivering astructural member to an infeed robot.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the pre-plating securing a truss memberwith the infeed robot.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the pre-plating systempicking a plate.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the pre-plating systemplacing a plate on a transfer pedestal.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system positioning astructural member within a press.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system transferring aplate to the press.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system pressing theplate into the structural member.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system pressing anotherplate into the structural member at a different location from the plate.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system transferring thestructural member to an outfeed robot.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system repositioningthe structural member within the press using the outfeed robot.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system delivering thetruss member to an outfeed delivery system.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the pre-plating system carrying thestructural member away from the pre-plating system.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a pre-plating system, according to someembodiments.

FIG. 16 is a front view of an example of a plate, according to someembodiments.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a plating system that includes both asplicing system and a pre-plating system, according to an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 18A is a perspective view of a splicing station of a platingsystem, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18B is another perspective view of the splicing station of systemFIG. 18A.

FIG. 18C is another perspective view of the splicing station of systemFIG. 18A, with the cams pressing a pair of plates to plate and therebysplice together two structural members.

FIG. 18D is another perspective view of the splicing station of systemFIG. 18A, with a splicing guide positioned to guide non-platedstructural members through the splicing station.

FIG. 19A is a perspective view of another splicing station of a platingsystem, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19B is an enlarged detailed perspective view of a portion thesplicing station of FIG. 19A.

FIG. 20A is a perspective view of a pre-plating plating station 2000 aplating system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20B is a perspective view of the pre-plating plating station ofFIG. 20.

FIG. 20C is another perspective view of the pre-plating plating stationof FIG. 20.

To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, themost significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to thefigure number in which that element is first introduced.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In constructing building components such as trusses, plates (e.g., nailplates) can be used to splice together structural members (e.g., to formtruss chords) and to join structural members at joints between (e.g., tojoin chords, verticals, diagonals). The plate may include teeth on aside of the plate that contacts a structural member (e.g., trussmembers) to enable the plate to be coupled to the structural members bypressing the teeth into the structural members. A plate can interconnecttwo structural members to splice and/or to form joints.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to thedrawings. In some instances, like reference numerals are used in thevarious drawings to indicate similar elements.

As used herein, the noun “plate” refers to a plate to be used to join orinterconnect two or more structural members. A plate may join twostructural members end to end to create a splice and thereby create alonger structural member. A plate may also join two or more structuralmembers together at an angle to form a joint. In some instances, a“plate” includes teeth for pressing into structural members and/or nailholes to enable nails to be driven through the plate to secure the plateto the structural member. A nail plate as is known in the constructionindustry is an example of a plate as used herein.

As used herein, the verb “plate” (and “plating,” “plated”) refers toapplication of a plate to at least one structural member. By way ofnon-limiting example, two structural members may be plated to form achord of a truss.

As used herein, the verb “pre-plate” (and “pre-plating”) refers to aparticular type of plating, namely application of a plate to a firststructural member preparatory to joining another structural member tothe first structural member. By way of non-limiting example, a chord maybe pre-plated preparatory to receiving a truss diagonal.

As used herein, the term “structural member” refers to a member to beused to construct a structure such as a building or other structure. Forexample, a structural member may be used to construct an architecturaltruss, which in turn may serve in construction of homes, otherbuildings, bridges, or other structures. In such examples, a structuralmember may include a truss member (“truss member”). In other words, astructural member may be a member to be combined with other members toform a building component (e.g., a truss) that, in turn, is used inconstruction of a building, bridge, etc. Examples of structural membersinclude, without limitation, chords, chord members, vertical members,and diagonal members. In many embodiments, lumber is used to form (e.g.,cut, drill, plane, etc.) structural members, though composite materialsand other suitable materials for erecting structures can also be used.

As used herein, the term “robot” refers to a programmatically operablemechanism configured to manipulate a structural member, truss member,truss, etc., in at least one of single-direction locomotion,multiple-direction locomotion, rotation about a single axis, androtation about multiple axes. For the present disclosure, the term robotencompasses mechanisms, ranging inclusively from unidirectionalconveyors to 7-axis articulating arms, capable of programmaticallymoving and/or articulating a structural member, a chord, a plate, atruss, etc., to facilitate transforming individual structural membersinto building components.

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to plating structural members, suchas splicing and/or pre-plating structural members (e.g., boards,dimensional lumber), to be used in building components for structuressuch as homes or other buildings. Embodiments disclosed herein findparticular utility in plating (e.g., splicing and/or pre-plating) trussmembers to be used in constructing trusses, including floor trusses androof trusses.

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a pre-plating system 100 of a platingsystem, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.Although designated and described herein as a pre-plating system, thepre-plating system 100 of FIG. 1A can also operate to splice structuralmembers together and could be designed and/or designated specifically tooperate as a splicing system. In other words, the system 100 of FIG. 1Acan plate in a manner to splice and/or pre-plate, particularly inconjunction with other elements of and operations performed by a platingsystem. Moreover, a splicing system of a plating system may includefeatures (e.g., press, infeed, outfeed, etc.) and operability (e.g.,plate picking, positioning of structural members, centroid locating)similar to the same described with reference to the pre-plating system100 of FIG. 1A.

The pre-plating system 100 of FIG. 1A includes a plate picking robot110, a transfer pedestal 114, a press loading robot 126, a press 116, aninfeed delivery system 108, an infeed robot 106, an outfeed robot 120,and an outfeed delivery system 122. The plate picking robot 110 isconfigured to pick, from one of a plurality of containers 124, a plate112 to be used at a joint between two or more truss members. Thecontainers 124 are configured to store the plates 112. The plate pickingrobot 110 is configured to place the plate 112 on the transfer pedestal114. The press loading robot 126 is configured to transfer the plate 112from the transfer pedestal 114 to a press surface 118 of the press 116.The infeed delivery system 108 is configured to deliver a structuralmember 102 to the infeed robot 106. The infeed robot 106 is configuredto deliver the structural member 102 to the press 116. The outfeed robot120 is configured to remove the structural member 102 from the press116. The press 116 is configured to secure the plate to the structuralmember 102 (e.g., by pressing teeth of the plate into the structuralmember 102) while the structural member 102 is held in position byeither the infeed robot 106 or the outfeed robot 120.

The infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120 are configured toposition the structural member 102 within the press 116 based on adetermined centroid of the structural member. In some embodiments, theinfeed robot 106, the outfeed robot 120, or both, may be a multi-axisarticulating arm as shown in FIG. 1A. In some embodiments, a transport(e.g., a conveyor system or intelligent conveyor system, such as theintelligent conveyor system 150 described below with reference to FIG.1B) may be operable to perform the functions herein described asperformed with or by the infeed robot 106, the outfeed robot 120, orboth.

The infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120 can position thestructural member 102 within the press 116 without the use of an indiciaprovided on or in the structural member 102. As used herein, the term“centroid” refers to an average position of points in space defining astructural member. In some embodiments, the centroid is determined basedon a major plane of a structural member (e.g., an estimate of theaverage position of the points making up the major plane). A location ofthe centroid of the structural member 102 may be determined by variousmethods. For example, it may be known that the structural member 102 hasa certain predetermined geometry (e.g., a 2×4, a 2×12, etc.), and thatthe infeed delivery system 108 will deliver the structural member 102 toa known position and orientation. As a specific example, the structuralmember 102 may have a known geometry, and the infeed delivery system 108may be configured to convey a leading edge of the structural member 102to a pre-determined location, allowing the infeed robot 106 to estimatethe location of the centroid relative to itself based on the knowngeometry and the known position of the leading edge. As another example,image sensors may be used to determine locations of edges and/or cornersof the structural member 102, and an estimate of the centroid may bedetermined based on the determined locations of the edges and/orcorners. A further example of determining the location of the centroidincludes the use of weight and/or mass measuring devices. Assuming thatthe truss member is approximately uniformly dense, the centroid may bedetermined by locating the center of mass of the structural member 102.

In some embodiments, one or more of the infeed robot 106, the outfeedrobot 120, the plate picking robot 110, or the press loading robot 126may include robot arm assemblies having securing mechanisms at theirends and one or more joints. The securing mechanisms (e.g., end of armtool) at the ends of the infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120 areconfigured to secure the structural member 102. By way of non-limitingexample, the securing mechanisms at the ends of the infeed robot 106 andthe outfeed robot 120 may include a suction mechanism (e.g., a vacuumsystem) configured to secure the structural member 102 thereto usingsuction. Also, by way of non-limiting example, the securing mechanismsat the ends of the infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120 mayinclude a gripping mechanism (e.g., a claw) to grip the structuralmember 102. As a further non-limiting example, the securing mechanismsat the ends of the infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120 mayinclude puncturing mechanisms configured to pierce the structural member102. In some embodiments the infeed robot 106 and the outfeed robot 120may include both a suction mechanism and a gripping mechanism at the endthereof. In some such embodiments the suction mechanism may be used tosecure structural members that are longer than a predetermined thresholdlength (e.g., four feet), and the gripping mechanism may be used to gripstructural members that are shorter than the predetermined thresholdlength.

The securing mechanisms at the ends of the plate picking robot 110 andthe press loading robot 126 are configured to secure the plates 112. Byway of non-limiting example, the securing mechanisms (e.g., end of armtools) at the ends of the plate picking robot 110 and the press loadingrobot 126 may include a magnet (e.g., a passive magnet and/or anelectromagnet) to secure plates 112 including magnetically attractivematerials (e.g., iron, nickel, etc.). Magnets may also be used at thetransfer pedestal 114 and/or the press 116 to secure the plates thereto.In instances where handoffs of the plate between devices having passivemagnets occur, a device handing off the plate to a subsequent device mayroll away from the plate rather than back straight off the plate tofacilitate detachment from the plate without interrupting the couplingbetween the plate and the subsequent device. Another approach may be touse weaker magnets in devices than stronger magnets used in a subsequentdevice (e.g., magnets of the plate picking robot 110, the transferpedestal 114, the press loading robot 126, and the press 116 havesuccessively stronger magnets to facilitate handoffs between devices).In instances where electromagnets are used, the electromagnets may becontrolled to facilitate handoffs between the various devices. Forexample, the plate picking robot 110 may maintain current flowingthrough an electromagnet at the end thereof to secure the plate to theend of the plate picking robot 110, then interrupt the current flowingtherethrough while initiating a current to an electromagnet of thetransfer pedestal 114. Also, by way of non-limiting example, thesecuring mechanisms at the ends of the plate picking robot 110 and thepress loading robot 126 may include gripping members to grip the plates112.

In some embodiments the securing mechanisms at the ends of the platepicking robot 110 and the press loading robot 126 may include a grippingmechanism. The gripping mechanism may be configured to grip the plateregardless of the pattern of teeth/holes on the plate.

The one or more joints of the infeed robot 106, the outfeed robot 120,the plate picking robot 110, and the press loading robot 126 areconfigured to enable the infeed robot 106, the outfeed robot 120, theplate picking robot 110, and the press loading robot 126 with motioncapabilities (e.g., translational motion, rotary motion). These jointsmay include linear joints, orthogonal joints, rotational joints,twisting joints, revolving joints, or combinations thereof. In theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 1A the plate picking robot 110 is mountedon a trolley 130 that traverses a track 132 that extends betweenmulti-tiered container racks 128 loaded with containers 124 filled withplates 112 of various shapes and/or sizes. The containers 124 arelocated within reach of the plate picking robot 110 to enable the platepicking robot 110 to retrieve plates 112 from the containers 124. Thejoints of the plate picking robot 110 enable the plate picking robot 110to reach plates 112 located within any of the containers 124. The plates112 may be organized into specific locations within the container racks128 and containers 124 so that the plate picking robot 110 can traversethe track to the location of a certain one of the containers 124 andpick the proper plate therefrom. The plate picking robot 110 then, ifneeded, traverses the track 132 to within reach of the transfer pedestal114 and places the plate on the transfer pedestal 114. The plates 112may be organized by size and/or shape within the containers 124 so thatthe plate picking robot 110 can retrieve a plate 112 of a desired shapeand/or size from a known location.

In some embodiments the plate picking robot 110 is configured to rotatea retrieved plate 112 to a desired orientation before placing the plate112 on the transfer pedestal 114. The desired rotation may be based on adesired orientation at which the plate 112 is to be pressed into astructural member by the press 116 to pre-plate the structural member ata joint of the structural component to be constructed. Accordingly, itmay be desirable to secure the plate 112 with the securing mechanism atthe end of the plate picking robot 110 at a center of the plate 112 toenable balanced rotation of the plate 112. A center of the plate 112 maybe located based on known geometries of the plate 112 and the containers124 that hold the plates 112, and known positions of the containers 124relative to the plate picking robot 110. With the plate 112 placed onthe transfer pedestal 114 at a desired angle, the press loading robot126 can transfer the plate 112 from the transfer pedestal 114 to thepress 116 absent undue rotation (or potentially without any rotation).It should be noted that in some embodiments the transfer pedestal 114may be used to rotate the plate 112 to the desired angle instead of, orin addition to, the plate picking robot 110.

The joints of the press loading robot 126 enable the securing mechanismat the end of the press loading robot 126 to extend between the transferpedestal 114 and the press surface 118 of the press 116. As noted, thepress loading robot 126 may be configured to transfer a plate 112 from aworking surface 104 of the transfer pedestal 114 to the press surface118. The transfer may be configured to be performed without rotation(and/or absent rotation of the securing mechanism relative to an end ofthe press loading robot 126) so as to maintain a previously determineddesired orientation of the plate 112.

The joints of the infeed robot 106 enable the securing mechanism at theend of the infeed robot 106 to extend between the infeed delivery system108 and the press 116. These joints may also enable the infeed robot 106to position the structural member 102 in various different positionswithin the press 116 to enable plates 112 to be applied to variouslocations on the structural member 102. By way of non-limiting example,the infeed robot 106 may be configured to rotate the structural member102 about a centroid of the member, such as about a transverse axis ofthe structural member. By way of another non-limiting example, theinfeed robot 106 may be configured to rotate the structural member 102about a longitudinal axis of the structural member 102 to facilitateapplication of a plate 112 to a particular side of the structural member102.

Similarly, the joints of the outfeed robot 120 enable the securingmechanism at the end of the outfeed robot 120 to extend between thepress 116 and the outfeed delivery system 122. These joints may alsoenable the outfeed robot 120 to position the structural member 102 invarious different positions (and may include rotation about alongitudinal axis of the structural member 102) within the press 116 toenable plates 112 to be applied to various locations on the structuralmember 102.

The press 116 may be a hydraulic press. The press 116 may include anelectrically controllable press. As previously discussed, in someembodiments the press 116 may include a magnet 119 (e.g., anelectromagnet) configured to selectively secure a plate 112 to the presssurface 118 in a position and orientation in which the press loadingrobot 126 delivered the plate 112 thereto. The press 116 is configuredto apply enough force to a plate 112 mounted thereto into the structuralmember 102.

In some embodiments the transfer pedestal 114 includes a working surface104. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1A, the working surface 104of the transfer pedestal 114 is at a slant rather than being orientedhorizontally. The working surface 104, however, may have any orientationincluding horizontal, vertical, or any non-horizontal and/ornon-vertical slopes. In some embodiments, the transfer pedestal 114 mayinclude a magnet 115 (e.g., an electromagnet that is selectivelycontrollable) to enable a plate 112 to be secured thereto. As previouslydiscussed, orientation of the plate in anticipation of placing the plate112 at a particular orientation on the structural member 102 may beperformed at least in part by the plate picking robot 110 orienting theplate 112 in a specific way on the working surface 104 of the transferpedestal 114.

In some embodiments the infeed delivery system 108 may include aconveyor system, such as that illustrated in FIG. 1A. In someembodiments, the conveyor system may be tilted at a non-horizontal slopeto present the structural member 102 to the infeed robot 106 in aconvenient orientation for the infeed robot 106 to secure the structuralmember 102. In other words, it may be convenient for the infeed robot106 to secure the structural member 102 if it approaches the infeedrobot 106 at a non-horizontal angle. In some embodiments, however, theconveyor system may be oriented horizontally. In some embodiments, theinfeed delivery system 108 may comprise an intelligent conveyor system,such as the intelligent conveyor system 150 described in FIG. 1B,whereby the infeed delivery system 108 is configured to perform thefunctions herein described in conjunction with the infeed robot 106.

In some embodiments the outfeed delivery system 122 includes one or moretrolleys 134 that traverse one or more tracks 136. The trolleys 134 maybe configured to secure the pre-plated structural member 102 thereto andmove along the tracks 136 to carry the structural member 102 away fromthe pre-plating system 100. By way of non-limiting example, the trolleys134 may include electromagnets configured to secure to one or more metalplates 112 pressed into the structural member 102. Also, by way ofnon-limiting example, the trolleys 134 may include suction mechanisms toenable the trolleys 134 to secure to the structural member 102 usingsuction. In some embodiments the outfeed delivery system 122 isconfigured to deliver the structural member 102 to a truss assemblysystem (e.g., an automatic truss assembly system) where the structuralmember 102 will be used along with other truss members to build a truss.In some embodiments, the outfeed delivery system 122 may comprise anintelligent conveyor system, such as the intelligent conveyor system 150described in FIG. 1B, whereby the outfeed delivery system 122 isconfigured to perform the functions herein described in conjunction withthe trolleys 134 and tracks 136 (and/or the outfeed robot 106).

The structural member 102 may be a chord of a truss, a vertical memberof a truss, a diagonal member of a truss, etc. The structural member maybe a wooden board (e.g., to be assembled together with another woodenboard to construct the building component), a composite material, oranother suitable material for being plated together and/or for erectingstructures.

The area within the circle B of FIG. 1A is an area illustrated ingreater detail in FIG. 1B (albeit another embodiment) and is discussedbelow.

FIG. 1B is a detailed view of a portion of another embodiment of apre-plating system (similar to the pre-plating system 100 of FIG. 1A),according to an embodiment, and having an intelligent conveyor system150. The press 116, press surface 118, and press loading robot 126 areshown for reference. While FIG. 1A illustrates an infeed robot 106distinct from the infeed delivery system 108, in some embodiments theinfeed delivery system 108 may comprise a robot that is aprogrammatically operable conveyor system (“intelligent conveyorsystem”) 150 functioning as one of or both the infeed delivery system108 and the infeed robot 106. The intelligent conveyor system 150 maycomprise a transport unit 152 configured to advance the structuralmember 102 toward the press 116. For example, the intelligent conveyorsystem 150 may comprise an optical or mechanical sensor configured toidentify one or more portions (e.g., leading edge, side edge, centroid)of the structural member 102 whereby the intelligent conveyor system 150may programmatically advance the structural member 102, stop advancingthe structural member 102 to align a particular portion of thestructural member 102 with the press surface 118, and may repeatedlyadvance and stop the structural member 102. The intelligent conveyorsystem 150 may be configured with a clamping mechanism 154 whereby thestructural member 102 may be secured in a desired position. For example,based on input from the optical or mechanical sensor, the intelligentconveyor system 150 may advance the structural member 102 to dispose aparticular portion of the structural member 102 at the press surface 118of the press 116, and may, by means of the clamping mechanism 154,secure the structural member 102 as the press 116 applies a plate (seethe plate 112 in FIG. 1A) to the structural member 102 as hereindescribed. Furthermore, the clamping mechanism 154 may be configured torotate the structural member 102 about a longitudinal axis of thestructural member 102 to permit plating to a particular side of thestructural member 102. In some embodiments, the intelligent conveyorsystem 150 may comprise a separate mechanism (not shown) to facilitaterotation of the structural member 102 about its longitudinal axis.

In some embodiments, the outfeed delivery system may comprise a similarintelligent conveyor system in lieu of the outfeed robot (see theoutfeed delivery system 122 and outfeed robot 120 in FIG. 1A) and inaddition to the intelligent conveyor system 150. An outfeed intelligentconveyor system may be configured similar to the intelligent conveyorsystem 150, may comprise a similar clamping mechanism, and may similarlyprogrammatically (and repeatedly) advance and stop the structural member102 as the structural member 102 exits the press 116. The outfeedintelligent conveyor system may be further configured to rotate thestructural member 102 about a longitudinal axis of the structural member102. In some embodiments, the intelligent conveyor system 150 maycomprise the infeed delivery system 108, the outfeed delivery system122, and the programmatic functions of the infeed robot 106 and theoutfeed robot 120. In the present disclosure, “robot” may refer to aparticularly named robot (e.g., infeed robot 106, outfeed robot 120),and may also refer to an element of the pre-plating system 100performing the functions of the named robot (e.g., intelligent conveyorsystem 150 performing a function of the infeed robot 106).

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method 200 of operating thepre-plating system 100 of FIG. 1A, according to some embodiments. FIGS.3, 4, and 7-14 are perspective views of the pre-plating system 100 ofFIG. 1A, illustrating various actions (or operations) 202, 204, and210-218 of the method 200 of FIG. 2. FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective viewsof portions 500, 600, respectively, of the pre-plating system 100 ofFIG. 2, illustrating other actions (or operations) 206, 208 of themethod 200 of FIG. 2.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 together, the method 200 includes delivering202 the structural member 102 to the infeed robot 106 with the infeeddelivery system 108. In some embodiments delivering 202 the structuralmember 102 to the infeed robot 106 includes conveying the structuralmember 102 to the infeed robot 106 using a conveyor system. In someembodiments delivering 202 the structural member 102 to the infeed robot106 includes delivering the structural member 102 to the infeed robot106 with a major plane of the structural member 102 oriented in atilted, non-horizontal angle to enable the infeed robot 106 toconveniently secure the structural member 102.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 4, the method 200 also includes securing204 the structural member 102 with the infeed robot 106. FIG. 4illustrates the infeed robot 106 securing 204 the structural member 102with the securing mechanism at the end of the infeed robot 106. In someembodiments, securing the structural member 102 with the infeed robot106 includes suctioning the structural member to the infeed robot 106with a vacuum system. In some embodiments, securing the structuralmember 102 to the infeed robot 106 includes gripping the structuralmember 102 with a gripping member at the end of the infeed robot 106.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion 500 of the pre-plating system100 of FIG. 1A. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 5 together, the method 200further includes picking 206 a plate 112 from one of the containers 124with the plate picking robot 110. FIG. 5 shows the plate picking robot110 picking 206 a plate 112 from one of the containers 124. In theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 the plate picking robot 110 is mountedon a trolley 130 that traverses a track 132 that extends betweenmulti-tiered container racks 128 loaded with containers 124 filled withplates 112 of various shapes and/or sizes. The containers 124 arelocated within reach of the plate picking robot 110 to enable the platepicking robot 110 to retrieve plates 112 from the containers 124. Theplate picking robot 110 may comprise an arm that can move about multipleaxes to enable the plate picking robot 110 to reach plates 112 locatedwithin any of the containers 124. The plates 112 may be organized intospecific locations within the container racks 128 and containers 124 sothat the plate picking robot 110 can traverse the track 132 to thelocation of a certain one of the containers 124 and pick the properplate 112 therefrom. The plate picking robot 110 then, if needed,traverses the track 132 to within reach of the transfer pedestal 114 andplaces the plate 112 on the transfer pedestal 114. The plates 112 may beorganized by size and/or shape within the containers 124 so that theplate picking robot 110 can retrieve a plate 112 of a desired shapeand/or size from a known location.

In another embodiment, plates 112 may be provided on a spool. The spoolform may provide plate storage in an alternative form to platecontainers 124. The plate picking robot 110 can retrieve a plate of adesired shape and/or size from a spool at a known location. The platepicking robot 110 may be equipped to cut the plate from the spool or tootherwise pick the plate from the spool.

In some embodiments, picking 206 a plate 112 includes securing a centerof the plate 112 to an end of the plate picking robot 110. In someembodiments, picking 206 a plate 112 includes securing the plate 112 tothe end of the plate picking robot 110 with a gripping mechanism. Insome embodiments, picking 206 a plate 112 includes securing the plate112 to the end of the plate picking robot 110 with a magnet (e.g., apassive magnet, an electromagnet, or both).

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion 600 of the pre-plating system100 of FIG. 1A. Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 6 together, the method 200also includes placing 208 a plate 602 on the transfer pedestal 114 withthe plate picking robot 110. FIG. 6 shows the plate picking robot 110placing 208 the plate 602 on a working surface 104 of the transferpedestal 114. In some embodiments, placing 208 a plate 602 on thetransfer pedestal 114 comprises rotating the plate 602 to a desiredorientation using the plate picking robot 110 and placing the plate 602on the transfer pedestal 114 in the desired orientation.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 7, the method 200 further includespositioning 210 the structural member 102 within the press 116 with theinfeed robot 106. FIG. 7 illustrates the infeed robot 106 positioning210 the structural member 102 within the press 116. In some embodiments,positioning 210 the structural member 102 within the press 116 includespositioning the structural member 102 within the press 116 based on adetermined centroid of the structural member 102. In some embodiments,positioning 210 the structural member 102 within the press 116 includespositioning the structural member within the press 116 without the useof an indicia provided on or in the structural member 102.

In some embodiments, the positioning 210 of the structural member 102within the press 116 may be accomplished by approaching the press fromabove and gradually lowering the structural member 102 downward into thepress 116 to be engaged by the press surface. Stated otherwise, thestructural member 102 can be lowered in a downward direction D(indicated in FIG. 7 by arrow D) that is transverse to the length of thestructural member 102 as shown in FIG. 7 and toward the floor.

In some embodiments, positioning the structural member 102 may beaccomplished by the infeed robot 106, or the outfeed robot 120. In someembodiments, positioning the structural member 102 may be accomplishedby elevating a portion of a transport unit of an intelligent conveyorsystem, advancing the structural member 102 to an appropriate position(which may also comprise clamping the structural member 102) andde-elevating the portion of the transport unit (see transport unit 152and intelligent conveyor system 150 in FIG. 1B).

In some embodiments, a vision system 140 may scan the structural member102 at positioning 210 into the press 116. For example, the visionsystem 140 may scan the structural member 102 as it is lowered in thedownward direction D (or otherwise inserted or placed) into the press116. As another example, the infeed robot 106 may bring the structuralmember 102 to a fixed position in front of the vision system 140 forscanning prior to placement of the structural member 102 into the press116. The vision system 140 can identify a bottom or lowest edge of thestructural member 102, which can be used as a reference forappropriately positioning the structural member 102 in the press 116.The vision system 140 can identify a bottom edge of the structuralmember 102 and detect droop or sag in the robotic arm and/or inject thelocation of the bottom edge as an input into the infeed robot 106(and/or the outfeed robot 120) to enhance or otherwise improvepreciseness of positioning of the structural member 102 in the press116. A backdrop may also be provided in the field of view of the visionsystem 140 and behind the structural member 102 to facilitate capture ofimage data by the vision system 140.

In other embodiments, the positioning 210 of the structural member 102within the press 116 may be accomplished by approaching the press from aside or in a lateral direction L (indicated in FIG. 7 by arrow L). Instill other embodiment, insertion of the structural member 102 into thepress 116 may be approached from another direction, such as acombination of a lateral direction L and a downward direction D.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 8 together, the method 200 includestransferring 212 the plate 602 from the transfer pedestal 114 to a presssurface 118 of the press 116. FIG. 8 illustrates the press loading robot126 placing the plate 602 on the press surface 118 of the press 116. Insome embodiments, transferring 212 the plate 602 from the transferpedestal 114 to a press surface 118 of the press 116 includes securingthe plate 602 on the press surface 118 while at least one of the infeedrobot 106, the outfeed robot 120, and the intelligent conveyor system(see the intelligent conveyor system 150 in FIG. 1B) positions thestructural member 102 within the press 116. In some embodiments,transferring 212 the plate 602 from the transfer pedestal 114 to a presssurface 118 of the press 116 includes securing the plate on the presssurface 118 using a securement mechanism 119, such as a magnet (e.g., apassive magnet, an electromagnet, or both), a vacuum, a mechanicalgripper, or the like. The securement mechanism 119 may be internal toand/or otherwise integrated with the press surface 118 of the press 116.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 9, the method 200 includes pressing 214 theplate 602 into the structural member 102 with the press 116. FIG. 9illustrates the press 116 pressing 214 the plate 602 into the structuralmember 102.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 10 together, in some embodiments,positioning 210 and pressing 214 comprises repositioning the structuralmember 102 within the press 116 and pressing another plate into thestructural member 102 at a different location than that of the plate602. FIG. 10 illustrates the infeed robot 106 holding the structuralmember 102 in another position and the press 116 pressing another plateinto the structural member 102 at a different location from that of theplate 602. Similarly, the intelligent conveyor system may repeatedlyadvance and stop (and may clamp/unclamp) the structural member 102 topermit application of one or more additional plates to the structuralmember 102.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 11 together, the method 200 also includestransferring 216 the structural member 102 from the infeed robot 106 toan outfeed robot 120. FIG. 11 illustrates the infeed robot 106 handingoff the structural member 102 to the outfeed robot 120. In someembodiments there may be a sequence in which the press 116 holds thestructural member 102 while the infeed robot 106 and/or the outfeedrobot 120 exchange or sequentially secure the structural member 102(e.g., the infeed robot 106 may release the structural member 102 whilethe press 116 holds the structural member 102 and the outfeed robot 120may secure the structural member 102 before the press 116 releases thestructural member 102). In some embodiments, an intelligent conveyorsystem (see the intelligent conveyor system 150 in FIG. 1B) may transferthe structural member 102 to the outfeed robot 120 (or the press 116).In some embodiments, the infeed robot 106 (or press 116) may transferthe structural member 102 to an outfeed intelligent conveyor system. Insome embodiments, an infeed intelligent conveyor system may transfer thestructural member 102 to an outfeed intelligent conveyor system. In someembodiments, the intelligent conveyor system 150 comprises both theinfeed and outfeed delivery systems 108, 122 and the transfer may be nomore than movement of (a portion of) the structural member 102 past thepress 116.

FIG. 11 also illustrates the plate picking robot 110 placing anotherplate 1102 on the transfer pedestal 114. The other plate 1102 istransferred from the transfer pedestal 114 to the press surface 118 ofthe press 116, as discussed above with reference to FIG. 8 andtransferring 212.

FIG. 12 illustrates the outfeed robot 120 positioning the structuralmember 102 within the press 116 while the press 116 presses the otherplate 1102 into the structural member 102.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 13, the method 200 further includesdelivering 218 the structural member 102 carrying the plate 602 and theother plate 1102 to an outfeed delivery system 122 configured to carrythe structural member 102 from the pre-plating system 100.

FIG. 14 illustrates the outfeed delivery system 122 carrying thestructural member 102 away from the pre-plating system 100. The outfeeddelivery system 122 may transport the now pre-plated structural member102 to an assembly system (e.g., an assembly table on which a structuralcomponent may be assembled by joining multiple structural members).

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the pre-plating system 100 of FIG. 1A,according to some embodiments. The pre-plating system 100 includes theinfeed robot 106, the infeed delivery system 108, the plate pickingrobot 110, the transfer pedestal 114, the press 116, the outfeed robot120, the outfeed delivery system 122, and the press loading robot 126,as discussed above. The pre-plating system 100 also includes at leastone controller 1502 and one or more drive systems 1508. The controller1502 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, aprogrammable logic controller (PLC), a field programmable gate array(FPGA), other programmable device, or combinations thereof. Thecontroller 1502 is configured to control one or more aspect of operationof one or more of the infeed robot 106, the infeed delivery system 108,the plate picking robot 110, the transfer pedestal 114, the press 116,the outfeed robot 120, the outfeed delivery system 122, the intelligentconveyor system (see the intelligent conveyor system 150 in FIG. 1B),and the press loading robot 126, or the drive systems 1508 according toembodiments discussed above. For example, the controller 1502 may beconfigured to at least partially control motion of one or more of theinfeed robot 106, the plate picking robot 110, the press loading robot126, or the outfeed robot 120. Also, the controller 1502 may beconfigured to at least partially control the infeed delivery system 108and/or the outfeed delivery system 122. The controller 1502 may, in someembodiments, be configured to control electromagnets of the transferpedestal 114 and/or the press 116. The controller 1502 may also beconfigured to control the press 116. The controller 1502 may provideinput to the intelligent conveyor system to control the advancing,stopping, clamping, and unclamping of the intelligent conveyor system150.

In some embodiments, the controller 1502 includes one or more processors1504 and one or more data storage devices 1506 (hereinafter referred toas “storage” 1506). The storage 1506 may include nonvolatile storage(e.g., flash memory, a hard disc drive, a solid state drive, etc.),volatile storage (e.g., random access memory (RAM), etc.) orcombinations thereof. The storage 1506 may, in some embodiments, includecomputer-readable instructions stored thereon. The computer-readableinstructions are configured to instruct the processors 1504 to performcontrol of the infeed robot 106, the infeed delivery system 108, theplate picking robot 110, the transfer pedestal 114, the press 116, theoutfeed robot 120, the outfeed delivery system 122, or the press loadingrobot 126 according to one or more operations discussed above. In someembodiments, the computer-readable instructions of the storage 1506 mayenable the controller 1502 to control the intelligent conveyor system150. In some embodiments, the intelligent conveyor system 150 maycomprise a controller 1502, a processor 1504, and storage 1506containing computer-readable instructions to operate the intelligentconveyor system 150.

The storage 1506 may also be configured to store information that isuseful for operating the pre-plating system 100. For example, thestorage 1506 may be configured to store information relating togeometries and/or positions of various components of the pre-platingsystem 100 to enable the controller 1502 to determine a position of acentroid of the structural member 102, a position of a center of a plate602, a location of the press 116, and other such information.

The drive systems 1508 are configured to drive mechanical motion orother operation of one or more of the infeed robot 106, the infeeddelivery system 108, the plate picking robot 110, the transfer pedestal114, the press 116, the outfeed robot 120, the outfeed delivery system122, or the press loading robot 126 according to embodiments discussedabove. For example, the drive systems 1508 may include an electricaldrive system, a pneumatic drive system, a hydraulic drive system, acombustion engine system, other drive systems, or combinations thereof.In some embodiments the controller 1502 may be configured to control thedrive systems 1508.

FIG. 16 is a front view of an example of a plate 1600, according to someembodiments. The plate 1600 of FIG. 16 includes a teeth pattern of rowsof holes/teeth, each row having oscillating positions of holes/teeth. Agripper coverage area 1602 and a center 1604 of the plate 1600 are alsoshown in FIG. 16. In some embodiments, a universal gripper may positionitself according to the gripper coverage area 1602 based on the center1604 of the plate 1600.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a plating system 1700 of a buildingcomponent assembly system, according to one embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The plating system 1700 comprises a splicing station 1762(including a first pre-plating system 1700 a) and a pre-plating station1764 (comprising a second pre-plating system 1700 b), according to anembodiment of the present disclosure.

The plating system 1700 comprises an infeed magazine 1760, a firstinfeed delivery system 1708 a, a splicing station 1762, a second infeeddelivery system 1708 b, a pre-plating station 1764, an outfeed deliverysystem 1722, and an outfeed magazine 1766. Source material 10, e.g.,dimensional lumber, may be loaded, placed, or stored at the infeedmagazine 1760 and may be sequentially delivered to the splicing station1762 by a transport 1706 (e.g., an intelligent conveyor system),according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The transport 1706may include a first infeed delivery system 1708 a, which may be aninfeed robot

In some embodiments, the source material 10 may be pre-cut toappropriate lengths and disposed at the infeed magazine 1760 in adesignated order for supplying to the infeed delivery system 1708 a. Insome embodiments, the source material 10 may be pre-cut to appropriatelengths and disposed at the infeed magazine to be programmaticallyselectable (as by a robotic mechanism) and placed at the first infeeddelivery system 1708 a. In some embodiments, a separate cutting station(not shown) may be interposed between the infeed magazine 1760 and thesplicing station 1762.

In some embodiments, the source material 10 may be cut to length for useas a chord, a chord member, a vertical member, a diagonal member, etc.,such as appropriate to construct a truss building element. Cut-to-lengthsource material 10 may be a structural member 1702. The first infeeddelivery system 1708 a may be configured to advance a structural member1702 toward the splicing station 1762 and to dispose the structuralmember 1702 in a desired splicing position at the splicing station 1762.In some embodiments, a desired splicing position potentially includestwo structural members 1702 end-to-end in abutment between a pair ofplating surfaces, as described more fully below. In some embodiments, adesired splicing position potentially includes a rotation of thestructural member 1702 about a longitudinal axis of the structuralmember 1702.

The splicing station 1762 may comprise a pre-plating system 1700 a thatmay be similar to the splicing station 1800 shown in FIGS. 18A-D anddescribed below with reference to the same. In other embodiments, thepre-plating system 1700 a of the splicing station 1762 may be similar tothe pre-plating system 100 of FIGS. 1A/1B, et seq. The splicing station1762 of the first pre-plating system 1700 a may be configured to platetogether a first structural member 1702 and a second structural member1702 with a leading end of the second structural member 1702 abuttedagainst a trailing end of the first structural member 1702, whereby thefirst and second structural members 1702 form a chord or a chord memberthat has a greater length than either the first structural member 1702or the second structural member 1702 prior to the splicing. One or morepresses may be configured to plate a pair of plates (e.g., nail plates)on opposing surfaces (e.g., the pair of vertically oriented surfaces) ofthe first and second structural members 1702 overlapping a point ofabutment of the ends of the first and second structural members 1702.Additional structural members 1702 may similarly be sequentially abuttedand plated to the lengthened structural member (e.g., chord) formed ofthe first and second structural members 1702, whereby an even longerstructural member (e.g., an even longer chord) may be formed.

The transport 1706 may transport all structural members of a buildingcomponent through the splicing station 1762. In other words, thesplicing station 1762 may not splice some of the structural members 1702that are transported on the transport 1706 through the splicing station1762. In certain embodiments, one or more splicing guides may facilitatemovement of structural members 1702 by the transport 1706, as describedin more detail below.

The first pre-plating system 1700 a, according to some embodiments, maybe configured to rotate a structural member 1702, a chord member, or achord about a longitudinal axis of the structural member 1702 beforesplicing to ensure plates are applied to an appropriate splicingsurface. The first pre-plating system 1700 a, according to someembodiments, may be configured to rotate a structural member 1702, achord member, or a chord about a longitudinal axis of the structuralmember 1702 after splicing in preparation for pre-plating at thepre-plating station 1764.

Disposed between the splicing station 1762 and the pre-plating station1764 is a second infeed delivery system 1708 b. The second infeeddelivery system 1708 b may comprise both an outfeed delivery system toreceive a structural member 102 from the splicing station 1762 and aninfeed delivery system to deliver the structural member 1702 to thepre-plating station 1764. The second infeed delivery system 1708 b mayfurther be configured to rotate the structural member 102 about alongitudinal axis of the structural member 1702 in preparation forpre-plating at the pre-plating station 1764.

The pre-plating station 1764 may comprise a pre-plating system 1700 b,which may be similar to the pre-plating station 2000 shown in FIGS.20A-C and described below with reference to the same. In otherembodiments, the pre-plating station 1764 may comprise a secondpre-plating system 1700 b similar to the pre-plating system 100 of FIG.1A/1B, et seq. The pre-plating system 1700 b of the pre-plating station1764 may be configured to pre-plate structural members 1702 preparatoryto assembly into a building component. For example, a structural member1702 defining a chord may be pre-plated preparatory to receiving avertical member of a truss, a diagonal member of a truss, etc., asdescribed above in greater detail.

In some embodiments, the pre-plating system 1700 b is configured topress plates into a surface of the structural member 1702 other than asplated at the splicing station 1762, or to facilitate plating tomultiple surfaces of the structural member 1702. For example, the pressof the splicing station 1762 may be configured to press a pair of platesinto each of the 4″ sides of a structural member 1702 cut from a 2×4piece of lumber, whereas the press of a pre-plating system 1700 b may beoriented to pre-plate (i.e., press a plate) into a 2″ side of that same2×4 as it is transported through the plating system 1700. Stateddifferently, the pre-plating system 1700 b may be configured to pressplates into a surface of the structural member 1702 that is transverse(e.g., perpendicular) to splicing surfaces (e.g., two opposing surfacesinto which splicing plates are plated).

In some embodiments, the press of the second pre-plating system 1700 bof the pre-plating station 1764 may be oriented transverse to (e.g.,perpendicular to) the press of the first pre-plating system 1700 a ofthe splicing station 1762. With the press oriented to press a plate intoa structural member in a downward (or upward) trajectory, it may bepossible to both pick the plate and load the plate into the press with asingle robot. For example, a plate picking robot can pick the plate froma container, determine appropriate orientation of the plate (includingorientation to contact the press surface and orientation within a planeof the press surface) and may have sufficient reach or range of motionto insert the plate into the press at the press surface for pressinginto a structural member 1702. By contrast, the pre-plating system 100of FIG. 1A includes a plate picking robot 110, a transfer pedestal 114,and a press loading robot 126, because the orientation of the press 116is such that access to the press surface 118 is beyond the reach orrange of the plate picking robot 110 (see FIG. 1A). The orientation ofthe press of the pre-plating system 1700 b may enable a single platepicking robot to pick, from one of a plurality of containers, a plate tobe used at a joint between two or more structural members and then toplace the plate on a press surface of the press at an appropriate ordesired orientation.

In some embodiments, the pre-plating system 1700 b of the pre-platingstation may be configured to rotate a structural member 1702 about alongitudinal axis of the structural member 1702 to facilitate plating toa surface of the structural member 1702 other than as plated at thesplicing station 1762, or to otherwise facilitate plating to multiplesurfaces of the structural member 1702. In other words, the press of thepre-plating system 1700 b may be oriented at a same or similarorientation as the press of the splicing station 1762 such that thestructural member 1702 must be rotated to achieve splicing on splicingsides and then pre-plating on one or more pre-plating sides that aretransverse (e.g., orthogonal) to the splicing sides.

The transport 106 may further include an outfeed delivery system 1722,which may be configured to receive a structural member 1702 from thepre-plating station 1764. Furthermore, the outfeed delivery system 1722may be configured to rotate the structural member 1702 about alongitudinal axis of the structural member 102. The outfeed deliverysystem 1722 may be configured to dispose the structural member 102 atthe outfeed magazine 1766. In some embodiments, an additional thirdinfeed delivery system may take the place of the outfeed delivery system1722 to facilitate delivery of the structural member 1702 to anotherstation of the building component assembly system 1700. For example,without limitation, an assembly station, or an additional pre-platingsystem 1700 b, may receive pre-plated structural members from thepre-plating station 1764. In some embodiments, the outfeed deliverysystem 1722 may be configured to deliver the structural member 1702 tothe outfeed magazine 1766, wherein the outfeed magazine 1766 comprises atable to receive the structural member 1702. In some embodiments, theoutfeed delivery system 1722 may be configured to dispose the structuralmember 1702 to a loading station to, for example, permit loading of thestructural member 102 on a forklift, a truck, etc. In some embodiments,the outfeed delivery system 1722 or the outfeed magazine 1766 maycomprise a robotic mechanism for stacking, packing, etc., the structuralmember 1702. In some embodiments, the outfeed delivery system 1722 maycomprise a sorting system whereby each structural member 1702 isselectively deliverable to a location based on programmatic input andcontrol, as by a multi-conveyor system.

The disclosed embodiments can be utilized to plate one or morestructural members 1702 for any of a variety of applications, includingtrusses, walls, floors, and any element of construction. The disclosedembodiments may be particularly useful in pre-fabrication of floortrusses, which are constructed with two chords and with verticalstructural members and diagonal structural members extending between thechords. Often a single piece of lumber is not long enough to form one ormore chords of a desired length for a floor truss, and accordingly twoor more structural members need to be spliced together into a singlestructural member. The building component assembly system 1700 of FIG.17 can be utilized to both splice and pre-plate chords of a floor truss.Structural members 1702 can be spliced into longer structural members atthe splicing station 1762 and also pre-plated at the pre-plating station1764 in one or more joint locations for adjoining vertical and diagonalmembers between two chords.

FIG. 18A is a perspective view of a splicing station 1800 of a platingsystem, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Thesplicing station 1800, in one embodiment, may comprise or be similar tothe pre-plating system 1700 a of FIG. 17. The splicing station 1800includes a transport 1806, a splicing press 1820, a splicing pressloading robot 1824, and a plate container rack 1828. The splicingstation 1800 may be configured to plate together a first structuralmember 1802 and a second structural member 1802 with a leading end ofthe second structural member 1802 abutted against a trailing end of thefirst structural member 1802. The splicing station 1800 thereby splicesthe first and second structural members 1802 together to form alengthened structural member (e.g., a chord or a chord member) that hasa greater length than either the first structural member 1802 or thesecond structural member 1802 prior to the splicing. The splicing press1820 may be configured to plate a pair of plates (e.g., nail plates) onopposing surfaces (e.g., the pair of vertically oriented surfaces) ofthe first and second structural members 1802, overlapping a point ofabutment of the ends of the first and second structural members 1802.Additional structural members 1802 may similarly be sequentially abuttedand plated to the lengthened structural member formed of the first andsecond structural members 1802, whereby an even longer structural member(e.g., an even longer chord) may be formed.

The transport 1806 may comprise a conveyor (or conveyor system) and mayinclude an infeed robot 1808 a (e.g., a conveyor) and an outfeed robot1808 b (e.g., a conveyor). The transport 1806 may transport sourcematerial 10, e.g., dimensional lumber, from an infeed magazine 1860 tothe splicing station 1800 via the infeed robot 1808 a. The sourcematerial 10 may be loaded, placed, or stored at the infeed magazine1860. In some embodiments, the source material 10 may be pre-cut intostructural members 1802. The transport 1806 may transport all structuralmembers 1802 of a building component through the splicing station 1800.In other words, the splicing station 1800 may splice some, but not all,of the structural members 1802 that are transported on the transport1806 through the splicing station 1800. The transport 1806 may alsotransport spliced (and thereby lengthened) structural members 1802 andother structural members 1802 from the splicing station 1800 via theoutfeed robot 1808 b.

In other embodiments, the transport 1806 may comprise an infeed robotand the outfeed robot and are configured to position the structuralmember 1802 within the press 1820 based on a determined centroid of thestructural member. In some embodiments, the infeed robot, the outfeedrobot, or both, may be a multi-axis articulating arm as shown in FIG.1A. The infeed robot and the outfeed robot may position the structuralmember 1802 within the press 1820 without the use of an indicia providedon or in the structural member 1802, but rather based on a centroid orother position relative to the structural member 1802.

It may be known that the structural member 1802 has a certainpredetermined geometry (e.g., a 2×4, a 2×12, etc.), and that thetransport 1806 will deliver the structural member 1802 to a knownposition and orientation. As a specific example, the structural member1802 may have a known geometry, and the transport 1806 may be configuredto convey a leading edge of the structural member 1802 to apre-determined location, allowing the transport 1806 to estimate thelocation of the centroid relative to itself based on the known geometryand the known position of the leading edge. As another example, imagesensors may be used to determine locations of edges and/or corners ofthe structural member 1802, and an estimate of the centroid may bedetermined based on the determined locations of the edges and/orcorners. A further example of determining the location of the centroidincludes the use of weight and/or mass measuring devices. Assuming thatthe truss member is approximately uniformly dense, the centroid may bedetermined by locating the center of mass of the structural member 1802.

The splicing press 1820, of the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 18A,comprises a plurality of press surfaces configured to press a pair ofplates into a pair of structural members 1802 to splice the pair ofstructural members 1802 together. The press surfaces are to maintain thepair of splicing plates in an appropriate position on opposing sides ofthe structural members 1802 for the splicing press to plate thestructural members 1802. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 18A, thesplicing press 1820 also includes a plurality of cams that rotate froman open position out of contact with the structural members 1802 to apressing position against the press surfaces and in contact withrespective opposing surfaces of the structural member 1802 to presssplicing plates into the abutting ends of the structural members 1802.The plurality of cams may be grouped in pairs (e.g., the splicing press1820 may comprise one or more pairs of cams). The cams in each pair ofcams may be positioned on opposing sides of the transport 1806. The camsof a pair of cams may rotate through the pressing position to return tothe open position such that the rotation of the pair of cams in unisonpropels the spliced and lengthened structural member 1802.

The splicing press loading robot 1824 is configured to position splicingplates to be plated to the structural members 1802 by the splicing press1820. The splicing press loading robot 1824 may be configured to pick aplate (e.g., a nail plate) from the plate container rack 1828 and movethe plate to a press surface. The splicing press loading robot 1824 maybe configured to pick the splicing plates from one of a plurality ofsplicing plate containers in the plate container rack 1828. The splicingplate containers may each hold splicing plates of a different sizeand/or different dimensions and the splicing press loading robot 1824may determine an appropriate plate container to pick a plate from. Thesplicing press loading robot 1824 may select the container to pick aplate from based on specifications, requirements, and/or constraints ofa building component being constructed with the structural members 1802being spliced.

In some embodiments, the splicing press loading robot 1824 may include arobot arm assembly having a securing mechanism at its ends and one ormore joints. The securing mechanisms (e.g., end of arm tool) at the endof the splicing press loading robot 1824 is configured to pick andsecure a plate. By way of non-limiting example, the securing mechanismsat the end of the splicing press loading robot 1824 may include amagnet, an electromagnet that can be activated and deactivated to securethe plate thereto or release the plate, a suction mechanism (e.g., avacuum system) configured to secure the plate thereto using suction, anda gripping mechanism (e.g., a claw) to grip the plate.

FIG. 18B is another perspective view of the splicing station 1800 ofsystem FIG. 18A. The splicing station 1800 comprises a plurality of cams1832 configured to rotate from an open position out of contact with thestructural members 1802 to a pressing position against a pair of presssurfaces 1834 and/or against respective opposing surfaces of thestructural member 1802 to thereby press splicing plates into abuttingends of two structural members 1802. The plurality of cams 1832 may begrouped in pairs (e.g., the splicing press 1820 may comprise one or morepairs of cams) as shown. The cams 1832 in each pair of cams arepositioned on opposing sides of the transport 1806. The cams 1832 rotatethrough the pressing position to return to the open position such thatthe rotation of the cams 1832 in unison propels the spliced andlengthened structural member 1802. The cams 1832 press (exert force on)a pair of press surfaces 1834, each configured to maintain a pressplate. The force of the cams 1832 (transitioning to the pressingposition) against the press surfaces 1834 presses a pair of plates intoa pair of structural members 1802 to splice the pair of structuralmembers 1802 together. The press surfaces 1834 are to maintain a pair ofsplicing plates in an appropriate position on opposing sides of thestructural members 1802 for the splicing press to plate the structuralmembers 1802.

In FIG. 18B, the plurality of cams 1832 of the splicing press 1820 arepositioned in the open position to allow preparation for splicing and/orpassage of a structural member 1802 into and/or through the splicingstation 1800. The transport 1806 has positioned a first structuralmember 1802 in the splicing press 1820 and positioned with a trailingend between a pair of press surfaces 1834.

FIG. 18B also illustrates the splicing press loading robot 1824 pickinga plate 1846 from one of a plurality of plate containers 1844 of theplate container rack 1842. The splicing press loading robot 1824 isconfigured to position splicing plates to be plated to the structuralmembers 1802 by the splicing press 1820. The splicing press loadingrobot 1824 may be configured to pick a plate (e.g., a nail plate) fromthe plate container rack 1828 and move the plate to a press surface. Thesplicing press loading robot 1824 may be configured to pick the splicingplates from one of a plurality of splicing plate containers in the platecontainer rack 1828. The splicing plate containers 1844 may each holdsplicing plates 1846 of a different size and/or different dimensions andthe splicing press loading robot 1824 may determine an appropriate platecontainer 1844 to pick a plate from. The splicing press loading robot1824 may select the plate container 1844 to pick a plate 1846 from basedon specifications, requirements, and/or constraints of a buildingcomponent being constructed with the structural members 1802 beingspliced.

FIG. 18B also illustrates a splicing guide 1852 in a storage position.In FIG. 18B, the storage position of the splicing guide 1852 is at ornear the plate container racks 1842. However, the storage position ofthe splicing guide 1852 may be anywhere within reach of the splicingpress loading robot 1824. As will be discussed more fully below withrespect to FIG. 18D, the splicing guide 1852 may be configured to bepositioned at the transport 1806 to guide non-spliced structural members1802.

FIG. 18C is another perspective view of the splicing station 1800 ofsystem FIG. 18A, with the cams 1832 in a pressing position and pressinga pair of plates to plate and thereby splice together a first structuralmember 1802 a and a second structural member 1802 b. The cams 1832 areconfigured to rotate as shown in FIG. 18C from the open position of FIG.18B, which is out of contact with the structural members 1802, to apressing position against a pair of press surfaces 1834 (not visible inFIG. 18C, but see FIG. 18B) and/or against respective opposing surfacesof the structural members 1802 a, 1802 b to thereby press splicingplates into abutting ends of two structural members 1802 a, 1802 b. Thecams 1832 are configured to continue rotation through the pressingposition to return to the open position such that the rotation of thecams 1832 in unison propels the spliced and lengthened structuralmember.

FIG. 18D is another perspective view of the splicing station 1800 of thesystem of FIG. 18A, with a splicing guide 1852 positioned in a guidingposition to guide a non-plated structural member 1802 d through thesplicing station 1800. In FIG. 18D, the splicing press loading robot1824 has moved the splicing guide 1852 from the storage position (seeFIGS. 18B and 18C) to the guiding position. The splicing press loadingrobot 1824 may receive a signal from the transport 1806 or from acontroller indicating when the splicing guide 1852 is needed (e.g., anon-spliced structural member 1802 d that may have a length shorter thana distance between infeed guides 1862 and outfeed guides 1864) andshould be placed in the guiding position. The transport 1806 may trackand/or detect when a short structural member 1802 d is approaching thesplicing station 1800, may signal the splicing press loading robot 1824,and appropriately time or otherwise arrange that the short structuralmember 1802 d is transported through the splicing station 1800 when thesplicing guide 1852 is in place. The splicing press loading robot 1824may secure or otherwise maintain the splicing guide in the guidingposition during use. In the guiding position, the splicing guide 1852 isconfigured to guide a non-spliced structural member 1802 d between theinfeed guides 1862 and the outfeed guides 1864, which may be fixed.

As can be seen in FIG. 18D, the infeed guides 1862 are a distance fromthe outfeed guides 1864. The distance allows rotation of the cams 1832and thereby the pressing of a plate into structural members. However,when a shorter structural member 1802 d is being transported through thesplicing station, without being spliced to another structural member,there is a potential that the shorter structural member 1802 d could beknocked off or otherwise fall from the transport 1806. The splicingguide 1852 can limit or prevent such displacement of a shorterstructural member 1802.

In the embodiment of FIG. 18D, the splicing guide 1852 is configured tofunction and/or otherwise interact with a shorter structural member 1802d as a tunnel with walls to guide the shorter structural member 1802 dand a top to interface with and otherwise be secured by the splicingpress loading robot 1824. As can be appreciated, a tunnel structure isbut one embodiment and other forms of splicing guide may be utilized inconnection with the splicing station 1800.

FIG. 19A is a perspective view of another splicing station 1900 of aplating system, according to another embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The splicing station 1900, in one embodiment, may compriseor be similar to the pre-plating system 1700 a of FIG. 17. The splicingstation 1900 includes a transport 1906, a splicing press 1920, asplicing press loading robot (not shown though similar to the splicingpress loading robot 1824 of FIG. 18), and a plate container rack (notshown though similar to the plate container rack 1828 of FIG. 18). Thetransport 1906 may include one or more conveyors. The splicing press1920 includes a plurality of cams 1932, similar to the cams 1832 of FIG.18. The splicing station 1900 may be configured to plate together afirst structural member and a second structural member as describedabove with reference to FIG. 18. The splicing press 1920 may beconfigured to plate a pair of plates (e.g., nail plates) on opposingsurfaces (e.g., the pair of vertically oriented surfaces) of the firstand second structural members as previously shown and described. FIG.19A also includes integrated splicing guides 1954 that retract into(below) the surface of the splicing press 1920 in an inoperable (orstorage) configuration and that extend upward above the surface of thesplicing press 1920 in an operable (or guiding) configuration. Thesplicing guides 1954 may be retracted to the inoperable configurationduring splicing of structural members so as to not interfere withplating. In the operable configuration, the splicing guides 1954 raiseupward above the surface of the splicing press 1920 and above atransport surface (e.g., belt of a conveyor) of the transport 1906 toguide non-spliced and/or shorter structural members to limit or evenprevent such structural members from falling from the transport 1906between the infeed guides 1962 and the outfeed guides 1964. In theembodiment of a splicing station 1900 shown in FIG. 19A, there are twopairs of splicing guides 1954. An infeed pair of splicing guides mayinitially guide the structural member and an outfeed pair of splicingguides may guide the structural member out of the splicing station. Ascan be appreciated, a variety of arrangements of splicing guides—onepair, multiple pairs—are within the scope of this disclosure.

FIG. 19B is an enlarged detailed perspective view of a portion of thesplicing station 1900 of FIG. 19A. FIG. 19B illustrates the cams 1932,infeed guides 1962, transport 1906, and splicing guides 1954 in anoperable (or guiding) configuration. As illustrated in FIG. 19B, thesplicing guides 1954 may comprise a 4-bar linkage mechanism to raise andlower between the storage configuration and the guiding configuration.An actuator such as a motor or pneumatic actuator may be coupled to thesplicing guides 1954 to transition them between the storageconfiguration and guiding configuration. As can be appreciated, in otherembodiments, other mechanisms may be utilized to actuate or otherwisemanipulate the integrated splicing guides 1954 to transition from thestorage configuration to the guiding configuration and vice versa.

The splicing guides 1954 may receive a signal from the transport 1906 orfrom a controller indicating when the splicing guides 1954 are needed(e.g., an approaching non-spliced structural member that may have alength shorter than a distance between infeed guides 1962 and outfeedguides 1964) and should be transitioned into the guiding position. Thetransport 1906 may track and/or detect when a short structural member isapproaching the splicing station 1900, may signal to the splicing guidesto transition from the storage configuration to the guidingconfiguration. The transport 1906 may also appropriately time orotherwise arrange that the short structural member is transportedthrough the splicing station 1900 when the splicing guides 1954 are inplace.

In one embodiment, the splicing guides 1954 are, by default, in theguiding configuration shown in FIG. 19B. The splicing station 1900(e.g., the transport 1906, or the splicing press 1920) detects whenstructural members to be spliced into lengthened structural members(e.g., to form chords of trusses) are loaded into the press for plating.When this splicing situation or condition is detected, a signal is sentto the splicing guides 1954 to transition from the guiding configurationto the storage configuration. Once splicing is completed and thelengthened structural member is transported out of the splicing station1900, the splicing guides 1954 are signaled to transition or otherwisetransitioned back to the guiding configuration.

In one embodiment, the splicing station 1900 may have a sequence ofevents triggered by an initial signal or sensor: detect (or receivesignal indicating) structural members for splicing are loaded or beingloaded into the press, position plates on press surfaces, drop thesplicing guides, actuate the press to splice the structural memberstogether, transport the lengthened structural member out of splicingstation, and raise the splicing guides.

In other embodiments, sensors such as counters, scales, edge detectors,or the like can signal when an approaching sequence of structuralmembers includes short structural members (e.g., webs of trusses).Signals from these sensors provide indication to the splicing guides1954 of the appropriate configuration.

FIG. 20A is a perspective view of a pre-plating plating station 2000 ofa plating system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.The pre-plating plating station 2000 includes a press 2016, a platecontainer rack 2028, a transport 2006, and an outfeed magazine 2066. Apre-plating press loading robot (not shown in FIG. 20A but see thepre-plating press loading robot 2024 in FIG. 20B) is also included topick a plate from containers in the plate container rack 2028 andprovide the plate to a press surface. The transport 2006 positionsstructural members in a position to be pre-plated by the press 2016 andthen transports the pre-plated structural members to the outfeedmagazine 2066. As can be appreciated, in other embodiments the transport2006 can transport the pre-plated members to another location, such asan assembly station, another station, a shipping platform, or the like.

FIG. 20B is a perspective view of the pre-plating plating station 2000of FIG. 20. FIG. 20B illustrates a pre-plating press loading robot 2024placing a plate 2012 on a press surface 2034 of the press 2016. Thetransport 2006 has moved or is in process of moving the structuralmember into position to be pre-plated by the press 2016. An end-of-armtool 2025 allows the pre-plating press loading robot 2024 to pick theplate 2012 from a container in the rack of containers 2028 and to placethe plate 2012 on the press surface 2034. The plate 2012 may be pickedfrom a container in the rack of containers 2028 based on aspecification, requirement, and/or constraint of the joint beingpre-plated at the joint location on the structural member 2002. Therobot arm 2024 and/or end-of-arm tool 2025 is configured to orient theplate 2012 on the press surface 2034 according to the joint beingpre-plated. Stated otherwise, the robot arm 2024 and/or end-of-arm tool2025 can rotate the plate 2012 with a plane of the press surface 2034 toan orientation appropriate for a joint to be created at the jointposition being pre-plated.

The press 2016 of FIG. 20B is oriented differently from the press 116 ofFIG. 1A. The press 2016 of FIG. 20B has a vertical orientation to pressin a downward direction. The press surface 2034 is oriented in ahorizontal plane such that force of the press surface 2034 on the plate2012 during pre-plating is in a downward direction. Because theorientation of the press is vertical, and different from the splicingpress 1820 of FIG. 18B, the pre-plating system 2000 can pre-plate on apre-plating surface 2004 of the structural member 2002 that istransverse (e.g., perpendicular to) the opposing splicing surfaces 2003on which structural members 2002 are spliced together. Accordingly, anyrotation or manipulation of a structural member 2002 (lengthened throughsplicing, or otherwise) is unnecessary. The transport 2006 can be asimple conveyor (or intelligent conveyor) that simply transportsstructural members through the plating system.

Further, the vertical orientation of the press 2016 allows accessibilityto a side of the press 2016 and to the press surface 2034. The rack-sideof the press 2016 of FIG. 20B is open or otherwise accessible. Thepre-plating press loading robot 2024 is able to access the underside ofthe press surface 2034 because it is unobstructed or otherwise notblocked by structure of the press 2016. Accordingly, the pre-platingpress loading robot 2024 can both pick the plate 2012 from a containerin the rack of containers 2028 and correctly or otherwise appropriatelyorient the plate 2012 on the press surface 2034 for plating to thestructural member 2002.

As can be appreciated, the press surface 2034 may be magnetic, orcomprise an electromagnet, to secure the plate 2012 to the press surface2034 until pressing into a structural member 2002 for pre-plating. Inother embodiments, the press surface 2034 may comprise a platesecurement mechanism, which may include functionality to orient orre-orient a plate for pre-plating.

The pre-plating press loading robot 2024 may include a securingmechanism at the end that may be similar to the securing mechanisms ofthe plate picking robot 110 and the press loading robot 126 describedabove with reference to FIG. 1A. The pre-plating press loading robot2024 may be mounted on a trolley that traverses a track extendingbetween multi-tiered container racks 2028 loaded with containers 2026filled with plates 2012 of various shapes and/or sizes. The containers2026 are located within reach of the pre-plating press loading robot2024 to enable the pre-plating press loading robot 2024 to retrieveplates 2012 from the containers 2026. The joints of the pre-platingpress loading robot 2024 enable the pre-plating press loading robot 2024to reach plates 2012 located within any of the containers 2026. Theplates 2012 may be organized into specific locations within thecontainer racks 2028 and containers 2026 so that the pre-plating pressloading robot 2024 can traverse the track to the location of a certainone of the containers 2026 and pick the proper plate therefrom. Thepre-plating press loading robot 2024 then, if needed, traverses thetrack to within reach of the press surface 2034 and positions the plate2012 on the press surface 2034. The plates 2012 may be organized by sizeand/or shape within the containers 2026 so that the pre-plating pressloading robot 2024 can retrieve a plate 2012 of a desired shape and/orsize from a known location.

FIG. 20C is another perspective of the pre-plating plating station 2000of FIG. 20. The perspective view of FIG. 20C illustrates the transport2006, the press 2016, and the plate container rack 2028. The press 2016,and more specifically the press surface 2034, pressed the plate 2012into the structural member 2002 to pre-plate the structural member 2002at a joint position. The plate 2012 is on a pre-plating surface 2004that is orthogonal to the opposing vertical surfaces 2003 where a plate2013 is splicing two structural members 2002 into a lengthenedstructural member 2002.

The perspective view of FIG. 20C also illustrates plates 2012 loadedinto plate containers 2026 of the plate container rack 2028. Thepre-plating press loading robot 2024 is able to select a plate 2012 froma selected plate container 2026 as appropriate for a joint to be createdat the joint position being pre-plated.

Examples

Some examples of embodiments of the present disclosure are providedbelow.

Example 1. A plating system to plate structural members, comprising: asplicing system to splice together structural members into a lengthenedstructural member, the splicing system comprising: a splicing press toplate the structural members on opposing (e.g., vertical) surfaces andat overlapping abutting ends to splice together the abutting ends toform the lengthened structural member; and a splicing press loadingrobot to position splicing plates to be plated to the structural membersby the splicing press; and a pre-plating system to pre-plate thelengthened structural member at one or more joint locations, thepre-plating system comprising: a pre-plating press to pre-plate thelengthened structural member at a joint position on a surface of thelengthened structural member that is transverse to the opposing surfacesof the lengthened structural member; and

a pre-plating press loading robot to position a plate on a press surfaceof the pre-plating press at a desired orientation according to aconfiguration of a joint to be formed at the joint position, thepre-plating press loading robot to pick pre-plating plates from apre-plating plate container; and a transport to position the structuralmembers in abutment at the abutting ends and within the splicing pressto be plated on the opposing (e.g., vertical) surfaces for forming thelengthened structural member, to transport the lengthened structuralmember from the splicing system to the pre-plating system, and toposition the lengthened structural member within the pre-plating pressto be pre-plated at the joint position.

Example 2. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the transportcomprises a conveyor system.

Example 3. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the transportcomprises a splicing infeed conveyor and a splicing outfeed conveyor.

Example 4. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the splicing presscomprises a pair of cams each positioned on opposing sides of thetransport and configured to rotate from an open position out of contactwith the structural members to a pressing position in contact with therespective opposing surfaces to press the splicing plates into theabutting ends of the structural members.

Example 5. The plating system of Example 4, wherein the pair of camsrotate through the pressing position to return to the open position, andwherein the rotation of the pair of cams propels the lengthenedstructural member.

Example 6. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the splicing pressloading robot is configured to pick the splicing plates from one of aplurality of splicing plate containers.

Example 7. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the splicing pressof the splicing system further comprises a pair of press surfaces toreceive splicing plates from the splicing press loading robot, the presssurfaces to maintain the pair of splicing plates in an appropriateposition on opposing sides of the structural members for the splicingpress to plate the structural members.

Example 8. The plating system of Example 7, wherein the press surfaceseach comprise a magnet (e.g., an electromagnet) to secure a plate of thepair of splicing plates to maintain the plate in the appropriateposition.

Example 9. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the press surface ofthe pre-plating press is oriented horizontally to be orthogonal to theopposing surfaces.

Example 10. The plating system of Example 9, wherein the press surfaceof the pre-plating press is oriented to press the plate in a downwarddirection to pre-plate lengthened structural member.

Example 11. The plating system of Example 1, further comprising:

an electromagnet positioned to secure the plate on the press surface andmaintain the plate at the desired orientation for the pre-plating pressto pre-plate at the joint position.

Example 12. The plating system of Example 1, wherein the transport isconfigured to rotate the lengthened structural member about alongitudinal axis to facilitate the pre-plating press pre-plating thelengthened structural member on a surface transverse to the opposingsurfaces.

Example 13. A method of plating structural members, comprising:delivering, via an infeed robot (e.g., which may be an intelligentconveyor), a first structural member to a splicing station; delivering,via the infeed robot, a second structural member to the splicingstation; positioning the first and second structural members end to endwithin a splicing press of the splicing station; picking, via a platepicking robot, a pair of splicing plates; positioning, via a platepicking robot, the pair of splicing plates at the splicing press onopposing sides of the first and second structural members; pressing,with a press, the pair of plates into splicing surfaces on opposingsides of the first and second structural members to splice the first andsecond structural member to form a lengthened structural member;delivering, via a second infeed robot, the lengthened structural memberto a pre-plating station; picking, via a pre-plate picking robot, aplate for pre-plating a joint position; positioning the plate at apre-plate press of the pre-plating station; positioning the lengthenedstructural member in the press of the pre-plating station; pressing theplate into a pre-plate surface of the lengthened structural, wherein thepre-plate surface is transverse to (e.g., perpendicular or orthogonalto) the splicing surfaces; and transferring, via an outfeed robot, thelengthened and now pre-plated structural member out of the pre-platingstation for use in assembling a building component.

Example 14. The method of plating structural members of Example 13,further comprising rotating the longer structural member about alongitudinal axis to facilitate pre-plating on a pre-plate surfacetransverse to the splicing surfaces.

Example 15. The method of plating structural members of Example 13,further comprising optionally repeating pre-plating at multiple jointpositions along a length of the lengthened structural member.

Example 16. A splicing system to splice together structural members intoa lengthened structural member, the splicing system comprising: asplicing press to plate a pair of structural members on opposing (e.g.,vertical) surfaces and at overlapping abutting ends to splice togetherthe abutting ends to form a lengthened structural member; a splicingpress loading robot to position splicing plates to be plated to the pairof structural members by the splicing press; a transport to position thepair of structural members in abutment at the abutting ends and withinthe splicing press to be plated on the opposing (vertical) surfaces forforming the lengthened structural member; and a splice guide to bepositioned at the transport to a non-spliced structural member on thetransport while passing through the splicing system un-spliced (e.g.,without being spliced).

Example 17. The splicing system of Example 16, wherein the splicingpress further comprises a pair of press surfaces to receive splicingplates from the splicing press loading robot, the pair of press surfacesto maintain the pair of splicing plates in an appropriate position onopposing sides of the structural members for the splicing press to platethe structural members.

Example 18. The splicing system of Example 16, wherein the splicingpress loading robot is further to position the splice guide to bepositioned at the transport.

Example 19. The splicing system of Example 16, wherein the splice guideis raised into a guiding position from a lowered a splicing position,according to the structural member on the transport being determined tobe a non-spliced structural member.

Example 20. The splicing system of Example 17, wherein the splice guideis raised into the guiding position from a lowered a splicing position,further based on the structural member on the transport being determinedto be of a length shorter than a distance between fixed guides at aninfeed and at an outfeed of the splicing system.

Example 21. The splicing system of Example 16, wherein the splicingpress comprises a pair of cams each positioned on opposing sides of thetransport and configured to rotate from an open position out of contactwith the structural members to a pressing position in contact with therespective opposing surfaces to press the splicing plates into theabutting ends of the structural members.

Example 22. The splicing system of Example 21, wherein the pair of camsrotate through the pressing position to return to the open position, andwherein the rotation of the pair of cams propels the lengthenedstructural member.

Example 23. A plating system to plate structural members, comprising: afirst press to plate structural members on opposing (e.g., vertical)surfaces and at overlapping abutting ends to splice together theabutting ends to form a lengthened structural member; and a first pressloading robot to position splicing plates to be plated to the structuralmembers by the first press, the first press loading robot to picksplicing plates from a splicing plate container; a second press topre-plate the lengthened structural member at a joint position on asurface of the lengthened structural member that is transverse to theopposing surfaces; and a second press loading robot to position a plateon a plate surface of the second press at a desired orientationaccording to a configuration of a joint to be formed at the jointposition, the second press loading robot to pick pre-plating plates froma pre-plating plate container; and a conveyor to position the structuralmembers in abutment at the abutting ends and within the first press tobe plated on the opposing (e.g., vertical) surfaces for forming thelengthened structural member, to transport the lengthened structuralmember from the first press to the second press, and to position thelengthened structural member within the second press to be pre-plated atthe joint position.

It will be apparent to those having ordinary skill that manyembodiments, though not expressly discussed herein, may exist that fallwithin the scope of the present disclosure and that changes may be madeto the details of the above-described embodiments without departing fromthe underlying principles of the present disclosure. The scope of thepresent invention should, therefore, be determined only by the followingclaims.

1. A plating system to plate structural members, comprising: a splicingsystem to splice together structural members into a lengthenedstructural member, the splicing system comprising: a splicing press toplate the structural members on opposing surfaces and at overlappingabutting ends to splice together the abutting ends to form thelengthened structural member; and a splicing press loading robot toposition splicing plates to be plated to the structural members by thesplicing press; and a pre-plating system to pre-plate the lengthenedstructural member at one or more joint locations, the pre-plating systemcomprising: a pre-plating press to pre-plate the lengthened structuralmember at a joint position on a surface transverse to the opposingsurfaces; and a pre-plating press loading robot to position a plate on apress surface of the pre-plating press at a desired orientationaccording to a configuration of a joint to be formed at the jointposition; and a transport to position the structural members in abutmentat the abutting ends and within the splicing press to be plated on theopposing surfaces for forming the lengthened structural member, totransport the lengthened structural member from the splicing system tothe pre-plating system, and to position the lengthened structural memberwithin the pre-plating press to be pre-plated at the joint position. 2.The plating system of claim 1, wherein the transport comprises aconveyor system.
 3. The plating system of claim 1, wherein the splicingpress comprises a pair of cams each positioned on opposing sides of thetransport and configured to rotate from an open position out of contactwith the structural members to a pressing position in contact with therespective opposing surfaces to press the splicing plates into theabutting ends of the structural members.
 4. The plating system of claim3, wherein the pair of cams rotate through the pressing position toreturn to the open position, and wherein the rotation of the pair ofcams propels the lengthened structural member.
 5. The plating system ofclaim 1, wherein the splicing press loading robot is configured to pickthe splicing plates from one of a plurality of splicing platecontainers.
 6. The plating system of claim 1, wherein the splicing pressfurther comprises a pair of press surfaces to receive splicing platesfrom the splicing press loading robot, the press surfaces to maintainthe pair of splicing plates in an appropriate position on opposing sidesof the structural members for the splicing press to plate the structuralmembers.
 7. The plating system of claim 1, wherein the press surface ofthe pre-plating press is oriented horizontally to be orthogonal to theopposing surfaces.
 8. The plating system of claim 7, wherein the presssurface of the pre-plating press is oriented to press the plate in adownward direction to pre-plate lengthened structural member.
 9. Theplating system of claim 1, further comprising: an electromagnetpositioned to secure the plate on the press surface and maintain theplate at the desired orientation for the pre-plating press to pre-plateat the joint position.
 10. The plating system of claim 1, wherein thetransport is configured to rotate the lengthened structural member abouta longitudinal axis to facilitate the pre-plating press pre-plating thelengthened structural member on a surface transverse to the opposingsurfaces.
 11. A method of plating structural members, comprising:delivering, via an infeed robot, a first structural member to a splicingstation; delivering, via the infeed robot, a second structural member tothe splicing station; positioning the first and second structuralmembers end to end within a splicing press of the splicing station;picking, via a plate picking robot, a pair of splicing plates;positioning, via a plate picking robot, the pair of splicing plates atthe splicing press on opposing sides of the first and second structuralmembers; pressing, with a press, the pair of plates into splicingsurfaces on opposing sides of the first and second structural members tosplice the first and second structural member to form a lengthenedstructural member; delivering, via a second infeed robot, the lengthenedstructural member to a pre-plating station; picking, via a pre-platepicking robot, a plate for pre-plating a joint position; positioning theplate at a pre-plate press of the pre-plating station; positioning thelengthened structural member in the press of the pre-plating station;pressing the plate into a pre-plate surface of the lengthenedstructural, wherein the pre-plate surface is transverse to the splicingsurfaces; and transferring, via an outfeed robot, the lengthened and nowpre-plated structural member out of the pre-plating station for use inassembling a building component.
 12. The method of plating structuralmembers of claim 11, further comprising rotating the longer structuralmember about a longitudinal axis to facilitate pre-plating on apre-plate surface transverse to the splicing surfaces.
 13. The method ofplating structural members of claim 11, further comprising optionallyrepeating pre-plating at multiple joint positions along a length of thelengthened structural member.
 14. A splicing system comprising: asplicing press to plate a pair of structural members on opposingsurfaces and at overlapping abutting ends to splice together theabutting ends to form a lengthened structural member; a splicing pressloading robot to position splicing plates to be plated to the pair ofstructural members by the splicing press; a transport to position thepair of structural members in abutment at the abutting ends and withinthe splicing press to be plated on the opposing surfaces for forming thelengthened structural member; and a splice guide to be positioned at thetransport to a non-spliced structural member on the transport whilepassing through the splicing system un-spliced.
 15. The splicing systemof claim 14, wherein the splicing press further comprises a pair ofpress surfaces to receive splicing plates from the splicing pressloading robot, the pair of press surfaces to maintain the pair ofsplicing plates in an appropriate position on opposing sides of thestructural members for the splicing press to plate the structuralmembers.
 16. The splicing system of claim 14, wherein the splicing pressloading robot is further to position the splice guide to be positionedat the transport.
 17. The splicing system of claim 14, wherein thesplice guide is raised into a guiding position from a lowered a splicingposition, according to the structural member on the transport beingdetermined to be a non-spliced structural member.
 18. The splicingsystem of claim 17, wherein the splice guide is raised into the guidingposition from a lowered a splicing position, further based on thestructural member on the transport being determined to be of a lengthshorter than a distance between fixed guides at an infeed and at anoutfeed of the splicing system.
 19. The splicing system of claim 14,wherein the splicing press comprises a pair of cams each positioned onopposing sides of the transport and configured to rotate from an openposition out of contact with the structural members to a pressingposition in contact with the respective opposing surfaces to press thesplicing plates into the abutting ends of the structural members. 20.The splicing system of claim 19, wherein the pair of cams rotate throughthe pressing position to return to the open position, and wherein therotation of the pair of cams propels the lengthened structural member.